Diktator des Monates:
September 2005Diktator des Monates:
September 2005
| Pervez
Musharraf
Die Tatsachen Name: Pervez Musharraf |
Biographie
Early Life Pervez Musharraf was born on 11 August 1943 to a middle class family in Haveli in Mohallah Kacha Saad Ullah, Old Delhi. After Pakistan was partitioned from India in 1948, the family moved to Karachi. He also lived a couple years of his childhood in Turkey due to his father's occupation in the Foreign Ministry. Musharraf attended the St. Patrick's High School in Karachi and went on to attend the FC College in Lahore. Military Career Musharraf is clearly a military man and his illustrious military career spans five decades. In 1961 he attended the Pakistan Military Academa, and spent his early military career in an elite artillery regiment in 1964. In 1965 he fought in the Indo-Pakistani War and was given commendations for valour. Over the next seven years he served in the Special Services Group of the Commando Battalion, and fought again in the Indo-Pakistani war of 1971 as Company Commander. He graduated from the command and Staff College of Quetta, and also attended the Royal College of Defense Studies in the UK. Through the years Musharraf served in numerous roles and commands in the Pakistani military, for example in self-propelled artillery, infantry, and the strike corps. One point that should be noted is that Musharraf is a native Urdu speaker, contrary to the military elite of Pakistan, who are typically Punjabi, so his rise to prominence should be given a certain amount of weight. He reached the rank of Lieutenant General on 21 October, 1995. He later ascended to the rank of General on 07 October, 1998 and was appointed Chief of Army Staff after the resignation of General Jehangir Karamat,. As tensions with India escalated in the Kashmir region in 1998, Musharraf began to become more visible to Pakistanis on TV with military briefings of the situation. Differences with Pakistan's President at the time, Nowaz Sharif and the military began to create tension within Pakistan's leadership. There is speculation that Sharif's orders of Pakistan's withdrawal from Kashmir in 1999 was bitterly opposed by the military, which led to the events that would soon unfold. Musharraf in Power Sharif sacked Musharraf, which led to a bloodless coup On 12 October, 1999, when Musharraf took control of the government, declaring that as head of state he would bring true democracy to Pakistan. On 20 June 2001, he went on to declare himself president, but held a referendum on 30 April 2002 to solidify his position as president for 5 years. This was solidified by a vote of confidence of the parliament on 01 January 2004. He was to step down as head of the military on 01 January 2005. During his tenure, parliamentary government has been restored to Pakistan in November 2003. Musharraf is widely hated by Islamic fundamentalists in Pakistan due to his pro-Western stance and his statements that he is opposed to fundamentalism. He has constantly clashed with Islamic groups in Pakistan and has also been an instrumental ally of the United States in the region and in the war on terror, granting strategic bases to the US during the war against the Taliban after 11 September 2001 in exchange for massive US foreign assistance. It should also be noted that prior to the World Trade Centre attacks, Musharraf has formally recognized the Taliban and had allowed them to operate within Pakistan. Violence between Islamic and government forces has been a problem that has plagued Musharraf constantly. Despite what some of his detractors say, the risk that Musharraf has taken to ally himself with the US and shun fundamentalists could be a great one. Yet some of Musharraf's post 9/11 comments have been rife with what seems like incredible hypocrisy. In fact, prior to the attacks he was quoted, "Jihad is not terrorism" and that the Taliban should be dealt with diplomatically rather than ostracized and isolated, his country was one of the few that did recognize the Taliban government as legitimate. The question remains as to whether his eyes were really opened to the evil of the Taliban or if he has used the 9/11 attacks for political gain. Musharraf's importance in the world should not be trivialized, and it should be noted that the decades-old tensions with neighbour India have certainly not been helped by Pakistan's military leader who personally led charges many times against the Indians throughout his illustrious military career. It should also be noted that Musharraf does possess nuclear weapons, as so dramatically proven by Sharif in the late 1990's. At times the tensions with India have reached the point where nuclear exchange has been feared, but fortunately relations have improved since 2004 peace talks. Musharraf, although severely attacked by his opponents as a dictator, he maintains that he is a democrat, and always has been throughout his military career. He sees himself as modernizing the country with reforms and fostering tolerance and typically shuns his military image to improve his statesmanship. Personal Musharraf has been married since 1968 and has two children, Ayla and Bilal, and three grandchildren. He is an avid sport fan, especially squash, golf and badminton and canoeing. Other activities he enjoys in his free time are reading, and his favourite subject is military history. Original article by www.dictatorofthemonth.com
written in July, 2005 Source Articles http://www.presidentofpakistan.gov.pk/Biography.aspx http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/1742997.stm http://www.storyofpakistan.com/person.asp?perid=P029&Pg=3 http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0882481.html http://www.infopak.gov.pk/President_Addresses/bbc_world_question_answer_session.htm
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